Government School puophat hun

Right to Education (RTE) or Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act kichi Parliament in August 4, 2009 ni’n passed hi. RTE in atup ahileh naupang kum 6-14 kikal ‘free education’ piah ding chi ahi.  April 1, 2010 apat RTE Act zat in um a, khovel a gam 135-te lah ah ‘education’ khu ‘fundamental right’ hisahte lahah tel hi. Tami Act dungzui in Private School ah ‘poor students’ (disadvantaged children) adin reservation 25% bikhia sah in um hi. Tami reservation in school naupangte (poor students) khu State in Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Plan tungtawn a re-imbursed a bawl ding chi ahi. Tami thu (Act) khu 2009 in Rajya Sabha leh Lok Sabha ah passed in um hi. Children’s Right to Fee and Compulsory Education Act khu India pumpi ah zat ahia, hinanleh Jammu & Kashmir ah zat hilou, azieh J&K ahileh constitution tuom a kivaipuo ahi.

 

Tami Act in school/institution (siamzilna) himhim a naupang admission toh kisai a ‘donation’, ‘capitation fee’ leh ‘interview’ (naupang ahilou leh naupang nu-le-pa) bawl khap ahi. Naupang kichi himhim school kaisah teitei ding, elementary education tanbeh zoulou a koilou ding chi ahi. Tuazieh in naupang kum 4-16 kikal khu ahithei tan a school kaisah theina ding ngaisut ding ahi. Tami khu michin khantouna ding ahi a, nu-le-pa te'n a ngai poimaw a hoi ding hi.  Tualeh kum 18 pha naupang pienphung a guolbanlou (disabilities)-te Right to Education of Persons with Disabilities Act pansan in government in free education piah ding chin ngaisun hi. RTE Act ahileh National Commission for the Protection of Child Rights (2007 kum a dingkhia) etkawl ahi. Constitution (Eighty-sixth Amendment) Act, 2002 dungzui in Article 21-A ah naupang kum 6-14 kikalte ‘free and compulsory education’ pieh ding chin Fundamental Right khat ah guanlut in um hi.

 

Ministry of Human Resource Development in RTE Act kizat kum khat chinna report piahna ah naupang kum 6-14 kikal 8.1 million pha hi'n tuat hi. India pumpi ah teacher 508,000 val kisam hin tahlang nalai hi. State in naupang kum 14 a pha masang sia 'free and compulsory education' apieh ding chi hinapi teacher tampi kisam hi. 1990 kumvel apat World Bank in Zodawn/Singtaang (rural areas) a school um theina din 'fund' ana bawl a, Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) model tungtawn in India gamsung ah tami fund zah in ana um hi. Ei gam ah zong SSA kichi zaa in um a, hinanleh bangtan tung e chi thei but hilou.

 

I tenna gam uah government school-te a taangpiin ‘quality’ ngiem dieh abang hi. Tulai in govt school-te genpha leh amlah in a um sih a, a dahuoi mama mai hi.  Govt school saang in private school mah kiteel zawta hi. Govt school pen koiman a dei nawn sih a, puaphat thei ahidan zong lungsim ah i vom khavateh sih uhi.  Education khu i buoipih mama khat uh, innsung tampi buoina khat ahi. School khenkhat ah Right to Education Act toh kituohlou in admission test (or interview) um ahilouleh naupang khenkhat innsung hasat zieh a school kailou zong um kha ding hi.  Tuabang kal ah private schoolte chauh a naupangte kaai sah ding chi khu sil hasa mama ahi. Tuazieh in government school um sunsunte puophat ding ngaisut a, naupang tampi in a hamphat theina ding a puophat a dei huoi hi. Tambang i ngaisut masang sia uh naupang tampi hinkhuo theilou kaal in miel lam ah kipui kha ding hi. Naupang ten education hoitah a mu theina ding un, i gam ua government school umte puophat dan ngaituo va ui. Tualeh government school a teacher ten zong a poimaw dan uh a hing kithei sem ding uh a deihuoi hi.


Editorial, Zogam Today

 

-:(13-02-2013):-

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Pope to resign on Feb 28, conclave in March

VATICAN CITY, Feb 11, 2013 [AP/The Hindu] --- The decision, taken due to advanced age, sets the stage for a conclave to elect a new pope before the end of March. The last pope to resign was Pope Gregory XII, who stepped down in 1415 in a deal to end the Great Western Schism among competing papal claimants.

Pope Benedict XVI announced on Monday that he would resign Feb. 28 the first pontiff to do so in nearly 600 years. The decision sets the stage for a conclave to elect a new pope before the end of March.

The 85-year-old pope announced his decision in Latin during a meeting of Vatican cardinals on Monday morning.

"After having repeatedly examined my conscience before God, I have come to the certainty that my strengths due to an advanced age are no longer suited to an adequate exercise of the Petrine ministry," he told the cardinals. "I am well aware that this ministry, due to its essential spiritual nature, must be carried out not only by words and deeds but no less with prayer and suffering.

"However, in today's world, subject to so many rapid changes and shaken by questions of deep relevance for the life of faith, in order to govern the bark of St. Peter and proclaim the Gospel, both strength of mind and body are necessary strengths which in the last few months, has deteriorated in me to the extent that I have had to recognize my incapacity to adequately fulfill the ministry entrusted to me."

The last pope to resign was Pope Gregory XII, who stepped down in 1415 in a deal to end the Great Western Schism among competing papal claimants.

Benedict called his choice "a decision of great importance for the life of the church."

The move sets the stage for the Vatican to hold a conclave to elect a new pope by mid-March, since the traditional mourning time that would follow the death of a pope doesn't have to be observed.

There are several papal contenders in the wings, but no obvious front-runner the same situation when Benedict was elected pontiff in 2005 after the death of Pope John Paul II.

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Invitation: One Day Panel Discussion: Change ~ Together We Can

ONE DAY PANEL DISCUSSION ON YOUTH CULTURE IN THE POST MODERN WORLD
(Socio-Moral Aspects)

Organised by :  Indigenous Forum
Host : Angel's Vision Cable Network, New Lamka

You are invited to participate and share your views and experience on the One Day Panel Discussion  on "Youth Culture in the Post-Modern World : Socio-Moral Aspects" to be held on the 16th February, 2013 (10:00 am - 04:00 pm) at PCI(R) Conference Hall, New Lamka.

FOCUS :
1. Our Culture
- Our People
- Foundation of our cultural values.
- Limitations of our culture

 2. The Post Modern World/Society
- The Impact of Modernism
 - The Social Evils

 3. Upholding our values
- The role of Parents & Civil Societies
 - The role of the Church
 - The role of Educational Institutions

PANELISTS :
  1. Upa L.S. Gangte
2. T. Dongzakai, Chief of Hilltown, Lamka
3. Rev. Khen P. Tombing, Chief Co-ordinator, PCI(R)
4. Dr. Rev. Enn Za Sian, Mission Secretary, CBA
5. T. Seldow, Principal, JNV Tuinom
6. L. Mangkhogin Haokip, IPS, SP/CCpur
 7. Hemkholun Doungel, Youth Co-ordtr., NYK CCpur
8. Th. Thangzalian, President, MHJU

PARTICIPANTS :

1. Ricky Vanlallawm Guite, Principal, CCpur College
2. Pumkhenchin, President, CDSU
 3. Mangcha Thangzom, President, YMA Manipur
4. T. Goukhomang, President, ZYA GHQ
5. Limkholet, President, KKL GHQ
6. Zothanmawi, President, HYA GHQ
 7. Rev. K. Mangte, Principal, GBC, New Lamka
8. Rev. Th. Mangthianlal, CEO, Glocal Volunteer
 9. JL. Malsawmi, President, CWS
10. Grace Zamnu, MDC
11. Mary Tombing, Director, ECDC Lamka

OBSERVERS :
  1. Editors, Lamka base Medias & Journals
2. Admins., Online (Internet/Websites) Media groups

ANCHORS:
1. Minthang Zomi
2. Cecilia Maman

For details/queries contact:
1.      Angel's Vision (9856533720/9862353637)
2.      Joy Ngaihte (9856053702)
3.      Th. Thangkhanlian Simte, Convenor (8014875082)

CHANGE ~ TOGETHER WE CAN!

======

From the organiser
Tulai hun tawh kituak in, khangthak-te haksatna leh maituah, lungsim phawng thei tamtak eite lakah leng omta hi. Huai tawh kisai haksatnate bangchileh mipite'n maituah thei a, amaute lampi dik kawkmuh theih ding hiam chih ngaihtuah ahihlai in, ahongtung ding February 16, 2013(Saturday) zinglam dak 10.00 apan nitaklam dak 4.00 kikal, PCI(R) Conference Hall, New Lamka ah 'One Day Panel Discussion on Youth Culture in the Post Modern World' chih thupi zangin khawtang haksatnate kikup khawmna om ding hi.

Huai hunah makai muanhuai-te'n mipite dotna leh haksatnate dawng (hilhchian) dinga ngim hi a, huai ziakin mundang a omte'n leng huai hun tunma in dotna poimawh leh theihnop I neihte anuaia email kipia ah khak theih ding hi. Email a dotna honglut te huai hunin siamkhiak hidinga, min leh omna leh thil tuamtuamte bel mipi lakah simkhiak ahihlouh ding banah dotna honglutte chauh mipi phattuampih  theih dingin makaite kiangah dot hiding uhi.

Programme zang thei dinga omte'n hong uap siausiau a, khangthakte lampi dik kawkmuh theihna omsun tuh pellou a telkim dingin ngaina takin chial nahi hi.

Dotnate tuni apan hiai email ah khak theihta hi.
·         E-mail: joyngaihte@gmail.com
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Zomi Nam Ni Newsletter Issue No. 2

THE 3RD ZOMI NAM NI FOOTBALL TOURNAMENT 2013
Date: February 15 & 16, 2013
Venue: DDA Ground, Vasant Kunj, B-Block, New Delhi

Organized By: Zomi Premier League
Sponsored By: Delhi ZNN Celebration Committee

POOL A
1. Friend's Football Club
2. Munirka XI 
3. Mohad FC
4. ZOGAMonline FC
5. Dosti
6. PuMaNeb FC
7. Special FC
8. BJP

POOL B
1. ZPL
2. GPL
3. Sungji Football Club
4. Zovontawi FC
5. Voktal 11
6. The STMT FC
7. The Players (Musician)
8. Khalvontawi Football Club

MATCH DAY
February 15, 2013 [8 am to 4 pm]
February 16, 2013 [10:30 am to 6:30 pm]

CONTACT
Goulian Guite, Ber Sarai (9953037222)
Lalboi Haokip, RK Puram (9953972858)
S Lianlalmuan, Nasirpur (9873112735)
Jimmy Tonsing, Safdurjung (9999614777)
________________________________________

PROGRAM UPDATES
*Union Home Minister Shri Sushil Kumar Shinde expected to grace the Celebration as Chief Guest
*Shri Phungzathang Tonsing, Minister (Health&FW/GAD/CADA), Govt. of Manipur to be the Functional President
*Traditional dress display
*Choreography from Zomi Angels
*Musical Fiesta with performances from the following select artistes:

From Lamka/Bangalore:
Muan Hangzo
TT Lal Zou
Kimjoycee Vaiphei
Rody Za Lien Sang

From Delhi (Local):
Liani Parte
Ramdinthari
Vunggohching
Hoilianting
Vungngaihlian
Irene Thonlalngak
Mercy & Co.
Hangkhanlian
Thangkhanmuan
ZOKIDS
And much more.....
______________________

THEY'RE COMING
Legislative Assembly Member Delhi a Zomi Nam Ni mang ding a hung ding te anuai a hung ki pete ahi:
1.Pu Phungzathang Tonsing, Minister (Health&FW/GAD/CADA)
2.Pu Vungzagin Valte, Parliamentary Secretary (Horti, Soil Conv & CADA)
3.Pu Manga Vaiphei, Chairman, MTDC
4.Pu Ginsuanhau Zou, Hon'ble MLA

Zomi Council apat a Delhi a Zomi Nam Ni mang ding a hung ding te:
L.B. Sona Chairman
K.G. Tungnung Secretary
H. Kham Chin Khup, Treasurer
L. Tualkhanhau President PTC, Vice Chairman ZC
Khatkhotong Baite, President VPC, V/C ZC
Kai Khan Mang, President. TCU, V/C ZC
B. Dongzalian President. STC, V/C ZC
Manglianthang President UZO, V/C ZC
M.C. Chinminthang President MTC, V/C ZC
K. Thangzom President GTC, V/C ZC
Pauminlianthang President TPO, V/C ZC
K. Wangkhothang President KUM, V/C ZC

ADC Members Zomi Nam Ni hung man diing te:
1.  Langkhanpau Guite, Chairman, ADCC
2.  H. Mangchinkhup, EM, ADCC
3.  M. Gouzamang Guite, EM, ADCC
4.  S.Kamsuanlun, EM, ADCC
5.  Genneikhup Vaiphei,EM, ADCC
6.  Suanchinpau Guite, MDC
7.  Sumlianthang, MDC
8.  Grace Zamnu, MDC
9.  P. Sianzadong, MDC
10. Minboi Vaiphei, MDC
11. M. Ginzapau, MDC
12. Tongkai Baite, MDC
______________________________________

PARKING LABEL FOR VEHICLES
Free Parking Labels are available from the following persons

DISTRIBUTORS
COC, Dwarka: Thangkhanlal Guite 8586828757
COC, RK Puram: Amjangthang Guite 8800486746
COC, CR Park: K. Thangpi 9911939061
EBC, Dwarka: D. Kamkhanmang 9818735469
EBC, Central Delhi: Richard Ngaihte 9716131628
EOC, Dwarka: Gogou 9711724007
MELC, Munirka: Thangkhosiam 9999874608
NTBC, Munirka: Th. Phunglianpau 9958485090
PCI (R), Munirka: Rachel 9540701424
VCF, RK Puram: Khamgousiam 8527250995
ZCF, Parliament Street: Kammuanmung 9873987335
ZPCS, Jai Singh Road: M. Robert Zou 8802420837
Gurgaon Fellowship:  Khamsuankhup 7838221576
____________________________________

BUS ROUTES FOR ZOMI NAM NI CELEBRATION 2013

01.          Naraina> Satya Niketan> Nanakpura - Thyagaraj Stadium (One Bus):
Pastor Bobby 9013212696

02.          Vikaspuri> Uttam Nagar> Janakpuri - Thyagaraj Stadium (Eight Buses):
Kham Min Thang 9958039657
Khai Bawi 8527049774

03.          Munirka> RK Puram - Thyagaraj Stadium (Four Buses):
Hausianmuan Munluo 9818524330
Ginsuanlal 9711786155
Lalsuankham Naulak 9999845875
B. Thanggoulian  8826649588
Masang 9654842741

04.          Ber Sarai - Thyagaraj Stadium (One Bus):
Th. Phunglianpau  958485090
Kimbiakmuan 8447118244
Thangminlian 9711037604

05.          Mahipalpur> Vasant Kunj> Vasant Vihar> JNU - Thyagaraj Stadium (One Bus):
Dada Tonsing 9718225434
Jamgoumuan 9717111644
Neu Gangte 9899953390

06.          Mohammadpur> Safdarjung Enclave - Thyagaraj Stadium (One Bus):
Mung Munsong 8860077631

07.          Dilsad Garden> Mayur Vihar - Thyagaraj Stadium (One Bus):
Lalboi 9871229853
Richard 9716131628
Khuma 8287007704

08.          North Campus>Gandhi Vihar> Nehru Vihar> Mukherjee Nagar> Indira Vihar > Patel Chest> Malka Ganj> Minto Road> Gole Market - Thyagaraj Stadium (One Bus):
Seiminlun 7838003408
Thianbiakmuan  9654475626
Lunlal 8447035496
Zamgoulian 9899816547

09.          Push Vihar> Madan Gir> Sekh Sarai> Chirag Delhi> South Extn - Thyagaraj Stadium (One Bus):
Pausanglian Hauzel 9560374027
S. Paulian 9968204680

10.          Saket> Malviya Nagar> Savitri Nagar> Lado Sarai - Thyagaraj Stadium (One Bus):
Joseph Lalboi 9999501121

11.          Dwarka> Palam> Mahavir Enclave> Nasirpur> Janakpuri> Hari Nagar - Thyagaraj Stadium (One Bus):
Goulal Hangzo 9953005146
Muanlal 9891384914
Benjamin Samte 9852742868

12.          Noida> Ashram> Sarai Juliana> Jamia Nagar - Thyagaraj Stadium (One Bus):
Suandouchin 9899522513
Pum Lian Mung 9650925637
Ngaihlun 7838865282

13.          Gurgaon - Thyagaraj Stadium (One Bus):
Jacob K. Suantak 9654227805
Khamsuankhup 7838221576
Zamkhanthang 9999855126

For more details, contact:
Lamlun Munluah– 9818431467
Khupminthang Simte – 9899750747
Thangsuankhup – 9654697173
Khawmlal Vaiphei – 9811530919
_________________________

MUSICIANS
THANLIAN - GUITAR, DRUMS
JIMMY THANG - GUITAR
ARAM - DRUMS
RTV - DRUMS
ANDREW - BASS GUITAR
___________________________

RED CARPET PHOTOSHOOT!
An extremely exciting part of this year's Nam Ni celebration is the Red Carpet Photo shoot, which will be open to all. This special attraction is meant to showcase our rich traditional attires in various designs and our creativities in promoting the same.

PLEASE NOTE
All are expected to maintain proper decorum and be responsible Zomi.
Any type of intoxicating drink/substance should not be brought inside the venue.
The programme will kick start at 1:30 pm sharp. All are expected to come post-lunch, as no refreshments will be served during or after the event.
All are expected to come attired in the various colourful Zomi traditional dresses.
___________________________

ZOQUOTE
"Eite Election in hon khen a, Zomi Nam Ni in hon gawm hi."
- PU THANGKHANLAL

______________________________

Tuchung Zomi Nam Ni Delhi a mat diing thu ka hiat in ka tha anuam mama. Zomite i khantouna u kibelap zel in ka mu ziak in ka kipak takzet ahi. Chun, tuchung Zomi Nam Ni imat ding uhi Zomi Nam Ni imat laklak ua nuam pen ding le changkang pen hi ding in ka gingcha, thanopna lian tak nei pum in nasa tak in ka ki prepare a, mipi te e a hungkhawm te'n le ei phur pi'u le kipak pi ngei ding uh ka kinem ahi.
- Kimjoycee Vaiphei

Khaile! Laizom Delhi Nam Ni to kisai kisah kholna, anuamthei pen le a thupi theipen a man i utchiat a, Tung Sianmang in lumbang hingsung ta hen.
- TT Lal

A stage tung a kip na diam? A hong kichip khak di lau hiveng o! Laa ka sak chiah singbul/suangtum bang hetlou a, alang-lang a tai lehleh zel ing a...
- Muan Hangzo

La hoih tampi lak pan in ka lasak dingte teelkhia in ka ki sakhol lel hi. La mal, aw leh music te tungtawn a ka lasak in a ngaikhia mipite' tha ngahna a hih ding ka lunggulhna leh ka hanciamna hi. Zomi Namni 2013 in Zogam/ Zomi ki pumkhatna leh kithutuakna hong hihen la, thupha a ngah minam i suah theihna ding in mimal khat ciat in i tavuan thei in, cihtakna leh thumanna tawh Pasian zahtak kawm in mapangkhawm ni.
- Rody Zaliensing


ZOMI CONCLAVE
on
Challenges & Opportunities

Venue: Committee Room, SSS-I Building, JNU
Date: February 19, 2013

PROGRAMME SCHEDULE

SESSION — I  (10:30AM - 12:30 PM)
Symposium on 'Socio-Cultural Challenges and Opportunities'
Chair: Dr. L. Lam Khan Piang
Speakers:
1. N. Neihsial
2. Ninglun Hanghal
3. Dal Sian Pau
4. Vungzamuan Valte
Responses:
1. T. Kaithang
2. Philip T. Thanglienmang
3. Haulianlal Guite

DISCUSSION
Tea Break (12:30 PM - 12: 45 PM)

SESSION — II (12:45 PM -1:30 PM)
Seminar on 'Economic Challenges and Opportunities'
Chair:  Lianboi Vaiphei
Paper Presentation: Dr. Kamkhenthang Guite

DISCUSSION

LUNCH BREAK (1:30 PM - 2:30 PM)

SESSION — III (2:30 PM - 4:30 PM)
Symposium on 'Political Challenges and Opportunities
Chair: Dr. David Vumlallian Zou
Speakers:
1. Dr. R. Sanga
2. Kaihau Vaiphei
3. Khamkhokam Guite
4. K. Guite
5. K. Vungzamoi

Response:
1.  K. Zou
**There are few more names to be confirmed**

CONCEPT NOTE
The Zomi Youth Association, Delhi Region, is organizing a seminar-cum-symposium titled "Challenges and Opportunities Facing the Zomi", as part of the Zomi Nam Ni (Zomi National Day) celebrations to be held on 19th February 2013. The Zomi lived in their ancestral homeland till they came in contact with people from other communities before and during the British colonial rule. Legend has it that they originated from the bowels of the earth, called the Khul (Chhinlung/Sinlung), the location of which remains obscure. Ever since the great divergence and colonial expansion of Europe, the Zomi have faced many challenges—socio-cultural, economic, and political—without any chance of determining their own fate.

Although variously named Kuki or Chin in different contextual usage, many observers easily recognized the cultural homogeneity of the Zomi stock; this is a claim consistently made by the people themselves. Various groups have recognised the Zomi nomenclature as their ethno-national identity, as it has an ancient connotation.

Colonial imposition of the Kuki and Chin nomenclature has been found to be inappropriate as it is not coterminous with the entire Zomi on the grounds that both the terms have a geographically parochial implication—Chin for Burma and Kuki for India and Bangladesh—based on the direction of their encounter with the British colonisers. The liberal concept of "self-determination" and the urge to redefine the colonial legacy that undermines their national survival has resonated within the community ever since the declaration of the UN Charter. The concept of "Tribe" was a colonial administrative appendage meant to perpetrate and implement the British policies. This was carried on post–Independence under the guise of affirmative social action whereby the "colonial tribe" got a new lease of life by being listed as a "scheduled tribe" thus achieving constitutional sanctity.

This legal classification has been the identity marker for indigenous peoples since the 1950s. The notion of a tribe has been problematic as it does not take into consideration the uniqueness of and the fundamental building block of primitive societies which is "clanship". This makes the definition of a tribe, the given legal status and clanship non synchronous to the traditional notions of identity which the people want to establish. The Zomi claim for nationhood based on cultural homogeneity has been systematically crushed by the political and geographical demarcations carried out by the British and subsequent governments.

Despite the dual nomenclature given to the Zomi: Kuki by Indian and Chin by Burmese authorities, the Zomi were always represented by as a singular entity by colonial ethnographers, administrators, military officers, etc, in their writings. This realization led British colonisers to organize the Chin-Lushai Conference at Fort William in 1892.

Thus, certain questions arise: why have the Zomi been always viewed as a homogenous group by various writers in the past or why do they regard themselves as a people? The answer, perhaps, is the same: it is because of the shared cultural and linguistic affinity among the various clans which constitute the Zomi. In an attempt to spread awareness about the notion of brotherhood various socio-political organisations have emerged in the past. There is a need to evaluate and gauge if these bodies have actively contributed to nurture unity and solidarity among the various displaced clans or have they been merely carrying forward the present administrative policy of perpetuating segmentation?

This Seminar-cum-Symposium intends to deliberate upon the various challenges and identify its appropriate solutions which the Zomi face at the local and international level.
_____________________________________


GENESIS OF ZOMI NAM NI
Zomi Nam Ni, celebrated on the 20th February, marks its 65th anniversary this year. The Zomi across the globe observe this day as a day of deliverance, political retrospection and remembrance of the history of the Zomi as well as for promoting peace, harmony and re-affirming their spirit of brotherhood. The significance of this event can be best appreciated by going back in time to understand its origin.

Before the advent of the British, the Zo Land - commonly known as the Chin Hills, Lushai Hills and Chittagong Hill Tract - was occupied and ruled by the Zo people and had never been under the control or influence of any outside power, including the Burmese, Ahom, Chinese or Indians. They had their own sovereign self-government, administered by their Chiefs in the form of democratic decentralization.

The British invaded South East Asia and from India as their base, annexed Lower Burma in the Anglo-Burmese War of 1826, which was concluded with the Treaty of Yandaboo. Half of Burma was further annexed in 1852 and by 1885, the entire country fell under the mighty hands of British imperialism. After the annexation of Burma and Chittagong, the Chin Hills and Lushai Hills were gradually penetrated and eventually subjugated in 1890, with the formal annexation being completed in 1896. The Hills of Manipur were also conquered and dominated after the British annexation of Manipur in 1891. The same fate befell the other Zo tribes of Bangladesh, Tripura and Assam.

The Colonialists noticed that the Zo people were in loose confederates, many of whom with no principal Chief to govern them. They had no written rule of law and judicial code, while strong customary practices and justice system existed in their societies. The British, therefore, drafted a model code of law and rules of appointment of Chiefs by 1907 and, thereafter, installed feudal Chiefs at different places.

The autocratic rule of the British Government could neither be tolerated nor accepted by the Zo people and, therefore, on the 20th February, 1928, a new political organisation was formed at Matungnung village of Mindat for the liberation of the Zomi from foreign power. It gradually grew in strength and in 1939, a nine-point demand was put up to the British Government. These demands included equal share in administration for Zo land as that of the Plains; compulsory consultation of Zo natives before any new Law, Regulation or Act is passed and enforced in Zo land; development of education, health, trade and commerce;  immediate establishment of secondary and higher education upto college level; enforcement of freedom of religion; improvement in transport and communication; chalking out ways and means for peaceful communication between the Hills and the Plains;  economic, social and political uplift of the Zo people at par with the other neighbouring people; and the right to self-determination like Burma as and when it attains its freedom.

These demands, instead of being fulfilled, invited the wrath of the Government and the organisation was viewed as illegal and, therefore, must be disbanded. Undaunted by the intimidation, the Zomi continued their resistance with one accord and the popular movement became so strong that the British were compelled to leave Kanpelet soon after.

When Burma attained its independence, it immediately drafted its own Constitution and by 1949, the Burmese Parliament was constituted. As the general election drew near, the Zo people, in order to send their own representatives, summoned the first General Assembly under the Zomi National Conference at Falam from February 19-22, 1948. The Assembly discussed vital issues affecting the Zomi under the oppressive government, including the highhandedness of the rulers and step-motherly treatment being meted out to the Zo people in the form of compulsory taxes and revenues, forced labour without any payment of wage, illegal withholding of the wages of many bread-earners and the repressive nature of some political or military officers. They also discussed at length the issue of self-rule and democratic administration.

After intensive deliberations, a plebiscite was held in which as many as 4993 votes were cast by the 5000 strong congregation of representatives from the various tribes or regions in favour of rejecting autocratic rule and choosing for themselves a democratic system of governance. Besides, an additional declaration was made to celebrate a National Day, to be called Zomi Nam Ni, for peaceful association of the various Zo tribes and for fostering brotherhood amongst them.

Thus, the 20th February came to be observed as Zomi Nam Ni to commemorate the day the Zomi began to tread the path of self-governance and adopted democracy with its concomitant principles as their basic ideals. It marks the end of colonialism and the liberation of Zo land from alien rule. The Day is also observed as a national integration day for all the Zo tribes of India and Myanmar and has been recognised as one of the Burmese national holidays, besides significantly coinciding with the Mizoram Statehood Day.

As time passed, the Zomi in Manipur started celebrating the Day as an important cultural event in which all tribes showcase their respective traditional dances and attires, besides conducting Miss Zomi pageant, Musical Nites, etc. Attempts were also made to forge better relationships with other communities in the state by organising Cultural exchange Programmes, football tournaments. Such meaningful annual events are found to have positive impact in strengthening peace, communal harmony and fostering mutual understanding and peaceful co-existence amongst them.
__________________

Courtesy: Zomi Nam Ni Official Newsletter Issue No. 2 | Sunday, February 10, 2013
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Dalit hostel attacks in Patna University

PATNA (Bihar), Feb 6, 2013 [The Hindu] --- A mob burst on the scene as night fell. Equipped with hockey sticks, bricks, stones, firearms and crude bombs it prepared for an assault.

"You are Harijans," it yelled. "You have no right to read and write. Your work is to mend shoes and chappals. We will keep you as servants in our houses. Your ancestors did the same work. You leave the hostel or else there will be a massacre." This is part of a police statement given by a Dalit student residing in the Bhimrao Ambedkar Welfare Hostel of Patna University (PU) facility.

Last week, the hostel witnessed fierce caste violence in which three Dalit students were injured.

"Around 30 men came shouting Brahmeshwar Mukhiya zindabad, Mukhiya amar rahe [Long live the Mukhiya] and Ambedkar ko phuk do [Destroy Ambedkar]. They stood outside the hostel and started throwing stones. They dragged and beat up a student. Firing shots and bombs rent the air. We ran inside the hostel. All we had to defend against the armed attack were brick pieces used to support the cots in our room," Satyaprakash, a student at the Ambedkar hostel, told The Hindu.

'Mukhiya' refers to the slain Ranvir Sena chief Brahmeshwar Singh.

Located in Patna's 'coaching district', the hostel forms part of the Saidpur hostel campus of PU. Facing it is a cluster of five hostels for general category students, collectively called the 'Saidpur hostel', which has gained notoriety over the years for nurturing hooligans and becoming a virtual den of anti-socials from the landowning Bhumihar caste, particularly from the badlands of Jehanabad district.

"While students from other castes reside in the Saidpur hostel, since very early days, it has been dominated by the "so-called" students of the landlord caste, mostly Bhumihars. The boys come mostly from Jehanabad, Gaya and Nalanda districts. Though it's for all students, including those from SC, when students are enrolled, they either belong to the Saidpur hostel or the Ambedkar hostel," official sources told The Hindu.

A clear topographical division on caste lines thus separates the two hostels. "Yahan par Jehanabad ke khas jati ke khas logon ka dabang hai [A particular caste from Jehanabad wields clout here]. Only a Jehanabad Bhumihar can stay here without being harassed. Others; say a Yadav boy comes along; he is beaten up and made to flee. The miscreants then get their own relatives to stay. Many of them don't even know where PU is. There is a terrible situation here," a Saidpur resident told The Hindu on condition of anonymity.

Gangster Guddu Sharma, who was shot dead in Delhi a few years ago, was a product of the Saidpur hostel. In fact, this hostel is one of the reasons why a police check post in the area was converted into a full-fledged police station in 2007.

A common power grid that supplies electricity to the entire neighbourhood is one of the key triggers for such attacks, as it was last week.

"That evening, there was a power cut at the Ambedkar hostel, but not at the Saidpur general hostel. The Ambedkar students went to the electricity office, situated on the same campus, to take stock of the mater. Seeing them, the Saidpur boys hurtled down and started hurling caste abuses, such as 'Harijans' 'dusadhs' and 'chamars' [all lower caste names]'," as per another police statement of a student.

"When we asked for power supply, they said, 'Have you ever seen light in your life?'" Satyaprakash recalled.

The official sources said, in a situation where the Ambedkar hostel had power and Saidpur hostel did not, there was immense pressure on electricity officials to cut the supply to the Ambedkar hostel. "Seeing an equal distribution of facilities stokes the caste jealousies of the Saidpur hostellers, Many times fights over power supply take the form of caste clashes," an official source said.

"There have been times," said a general student, "when the whole area is plunged into darkness, but only the Saidpur hostel is lit." Disconnecting water supply to the Ambedkar hostel is another means of showing caste dominance. The tap dries up at 9 a.m. and its water is dirty. At any given point of time, a few students suffer from jaundice.

At the heart of the matter, said students, lies plain caste hatred, "a determined effort to display caste superiority."

The police have registered an FIR under the Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, the Indian Penal Code and the Arms Act. Five persons — Atul Shekhar, Amit Kumar, Ashutosh Kumar, Nupendra Kumar and Shishuranjan Kumar — are under arrest.

Sources told The Hindu that the police initially arrested 10 persons, but high-level manoeuvring facilitated the release of five of them. There are also complaints that while the real fish get away, "legal students" get wrongly implicated in cases.

So acute is the problem of "illegal occupancy" that even authorities are at the end of their tether. Officials put the size of illegal occupants to a whopping 80 per cent.

"The number is so huge that once even the Special Task Force [personnel] was beaten up by them. The unauthorised boys know nothing will happen. PU does not want to interfere. Perhaps they are scared. You need the Rapid Action Force to crack down. They have been staying there for years," an authoritative source from the university, who did not wish to named, told The Hindu.

The police, on their part, perceive a limited role for themselves in the matter. "We have raised the matter with the university in vain," they said.

When asked, PU proctor Kirteshwar Prasad told The Hindu: "We are trying to get them vacated. We are on the job. We had written to the administration. We will write to them, namely the senior superintendent of police and the district magistrate, who are the competent authority."

The incident received biased coverage in the press, according to the Ambedkar hostel students. "The news report in a leading Hindi daily pinned the blame on us. It said we were the ones to attack. Their numbers are huge. How can we possibly attack them" they asked.

An official source concurred. "That report is totally false. We were on the ground, we know what happened. The report paints an entirely wrong picture. The local media has played a very bad role in this."

Despite arrests, the trouble is far from being over. There are indications that in light of this incident, the Saidpur hostel is looking at acquiring more arms. Financial contributions collected for the upcoming Saraswati puja could provide the means.

The spectre of routine caste violence looms large over the Dalit students. They dare not take the short-cut to the university, as it passes through the Saidpur hostel.

Photo: A portion of the Bhimrao Ambedkar Welfare Hostel of the Patna University where Dalit students are staying. (By Ranjeet Kumar/ The Hindu)
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Kuki demands Kuki State


Office of the
KUKI STATE DEMAND COMMITTEE
Head Office: Sielmat, Churachandpur- 795128
Manipur, India


PRESS  COMMUNIQUE
Aizawl, the 8th Feb. 2013

           The Kuki State Demand Committee (KSDC) is watching and observing the steps taken by the Government for political Dialogue with the KUKI for political settlement/solution. Time will take its course if delaying tactic is adopted on the excuse of official procedures and the resumption of mass movement/protest - PUBLIC BLOCKADE temporarily suspended will be the responsibility of the Government.


             During the temporary suspension of the Public Blockade and after the boycott called on the Republic Day celebration 2013 in all the Kuki inhabited areas of Manipur, the KSDC team landed in Aizawl for wide range of consultation with leaders from various Mizo's civil organisations and individuals with regards to the demand for KUKI STATE.

            On the 6th of February 2013 at SAVIDGE HALL, Aizawl under the aegis of Zo-Reunification Organisation (ZORO), Consultative Meeting was held with representatives from various civil organisations of Mizoram (ZORO Central Committee and Zones, Mizoram Students' Union, Mizoram Chiefs' Council, MUP, MHIP, intellectuals, and former MNF leaders/commanders and four representatives from KSDC led by the Chairman, Hejang Haokip). Various issues from the past (during MNF's movement to the contemporary political and social scenario) pertaining to the Kuki-Chin-Mizo (ZO) was presented and discussed  in that august meeting, three important resolutions were adopted:-

     1. (a) The meeting vehemently condemned the Kuki genocide led by the NSCN (IM)  leading to the loss of more than 1000  innocent life including women and children, burning down of 350 Kuki villages and rendered more than one lakh Kuki population homeless and the atrocities committed to the Kuki brethren in Manipur by the Meitei UGs by planting landmines killing many and injuring many more and ambushing Indian security forces in Kuki areas  and resolved  that ZORO will put up the case  before the UN Human Rights Council in the forth coming Forum.

(b) Condemned in an equivocal term, the discrimination done to Kuki by  the Government of Manipur towards the Kuki in  developmental projects and others.

      2. The meeting resolved to fully support demand for the Kuki State in Manipur by brethren Kuki as the demand is legitimate and is to safeguard our rights and dignity.

      3. The meeting resolved to pressurize from states to union levels that before any solution is given to the NAGAS/NSCN (IM) in Manipur, Kuki political solution/settlement should be made.

         The Meeting with the Peace Accord MNF Returnee Association (PAMRA) was emotional as they recalled the time during the MNF movement and to show their solidarity endorsed to support the demand for Kuki State. The meetings with senior leaders and politicians were also encouraging.

          The KSDC will continue its consultation in Manipur and outside.
       
(S. GEORGE GUITE)
Secretary, Information and Publicity
Kuki State Demand Committee


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